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Emil Maurice (19 January 1897, Westermoor – 6 February 1972, Munich) was an early member of the National Socialist German Workers Party and a founding member of the SS. Together with Erich Kempka, he served as one of Hitler's personal chauffeurs. Unusually, he was one of the few mischlings (a person of mixed Jewish and ethnic German ancestry) to serve in the SS. ==Early life and association with Hitler== A watchmaker by trade, Maurice was a close early associate of Adolf Hitler; their personal friendship dated back to at least 1919 when they were both members of the German Workers Party (DAP). With the founding of the ''Sturmabteilung'' in 1920, Maurice became the first ''Oberster SA-Führer'' (Supreme SA Leader). In 1923 Maurice also became a member of the ''Stabswache'' (Staff Guard), a small separate bodyguard dedicated to Hitler's service rather than "a suspect mass" of the party, such as the SA. It was given the task of guarding Hitler at Nazi parties and rallies. Later that year, the unit was renamed ''Stoßtrupp'' (Shock Troop) 'Adolf Hitler'. Maurice, Julius Schreck, Joseph Berchtold, and Erhard Heiden, were all members of the ''Stoßtrupp''. On 9 November 1923 the ''Stoßtrupp'', along with the SA and several other paramilitary units, took part in the abortive Beer Hall Putsch in Munich. In the aftermath of the putsch Hitler, Rudolf Hess, Maurice and other Nazi leaders were incarcerated at Landsberg Prison. While in prison with Hitler, Maurice took down part of the dictation for ''Mein Kampf'' and is mentioned in the book. During that time, the Nazi Party and all associated formations, including the ''Stoßtrupp'', were officially disbanded. After Hitler's release from prison, the Nazi Party was officially refounded. In 1925, Hitler ordered the formation of a new bodyguard unit, the ''Schutzkommando'' (protection command). It was formed by Julius Schreck and included old ''Stoßtrupp'' members, Maurice and Heiden. That same year, the ''Schutzkommando'' was expanded to a national level. It was renamed successively the ''Sturmstaffel'' (storm squadron), and finally on 9 November the ''Schutzstaffel'' (abbreviated to SS). Hitler became SS member No. 1 and Emil Maurice became SS member No. 2. At that time, Maurice became an SS-''Führer'' in the new organization, although the leadership of the SS was assumed by Schreck, the first ''Reichsführer-SS''. Maurice became Hitler's chauffeur. He reportedly had a brief relationship with Hitler's niece, Geli Raubal, which led to his dismissal as Hitler's chauffeur. When the SS was reorganized and expanded in 1932, Maurice became a senior SS officer and would eventually be promoted to the rank SS-''Oberführer''. While Maurice never became a top commander of the SS, his status as SS member #2 effectively credited him as an actual founder of the organization. Heinrich Himmler, who ultimately would become the most recognized leader of the SS, was SS member #168. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emil Maurice」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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